וַיֹּאמֶר מֹשֶׁה אֶל־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל כְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּה יְהוָה אֶת־מֹשֶׁה   30:1

Numb. 30:1  And Moses spoke to the children of Israel according to all that the Lord had commanded Moses.

וַיְדַבֵּר מֹשֶׁה אֶל־רָאשֵׁי הַמַּטֹּות לִבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לֵאמֹר זֶה הַדָּבָר אֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהוָה   30:2

Numb. 30:2  And Moses spoke to the heads of the tribes for the children of Israel saying, “This is the thing that the Lord has commanded.”

אִישׁ כִּי־יִדֹּר נֶדֶר לַיהוָה אֹו־הִשָּׁבַע שְׁבֻעָה לֶאְסֹר אִסָּר עַל־נַפְשֹׁו לֹא יַחֵל דְּבָרֹו כְּכָל־הַיֹּצֵא מִפִּיו   30:3

יַעֲשֶׂה

Numb. 30:3  “One who will make a vow to the Lord or will be swearing an oath to bind an obligation on his soul shall not break his word.  According to all that comes from his mouth he shall do.”

וְאִשָּׁה כִּי־תִדֹּר נֶדֶר לַיהוָה וְאָסְרָה אִסָּר בְּבֵית אָבִיהָ בִּנְעֻרֶיהָ   30:4

Numb. 30:4  “And when a woman in her youth will vow to the Lord or bind an obligation in the house of her father,

וְשָׁמַע אָבִיהָ אֶת־נִדְרָהּ וֶאֱסָרָהּ אֲשֶׁר אָסְרָה עַל־נַפְשָׁהּ וְהֶחֱרִישׁ לָהּ אָבִיהָ וְקָמוּ כָּל־נְדָרֶיהָ וְכָל־   30:5

אִסָּר אֲשֶׁר־אָסְרָה עַל־נַפְשָׁהּ יָקוּם

Numb. 30:5  and her father would hear her vow or her obligation that she bound on her soul, and her father would keep silent regarding her, then all her vows shall stand, and every obligation that she bound on her soul shall stand.”

וְאִם־הֵנִיא אָבִיהָ אֹתָהּ בְּיֹום שָׁמְעֹו כָּל־נְדָרֶיהָ וֶאֱסָרֶיהָ אֲשֶׁר־אָסְרָה עַל־נַפְשָׁהּ לֹא יָקוּם וַיהוָה   30:6

יִסְלַח־לָהּ כִּי־הֵנִיא אָבִיהָ אֹתָהּ

Numb. 30:6  “But if her father disallows her on the day he hears it, any of her vows or her obligations that she bound on her soul shall not stand, and the Lord shall forgive her, because her father disallowed her.”

וְאִם־הָיֹו תִהְיֶה לְאִישׁ וּנְדָרֶיהָ עָלֶיהָ אֹו מִבְטָא שְׂפָתֶיהָ אֲשֶׁר אָסְרָה עַל־נַפְשָׁהּ   30:7

Numb. 30:7  “And if she were to have a husband and her vows are on her, or an utterance of her lips that she bound on her soul,

וְשָׁמַע אִישָׁהּ בְּיֹום שָׁמְעֹו וְהֶחֱרִישׁ לָהּ וְקָמוּ נְדָרֶיהָ וֶאֱסָרֶהָ אֲשֶׁר־אָסְרָה עַל־נַפְשָׁהּ יָקֻמוּ   30:8

Numb. 30:8  and her husband will hear and keep quiet regarding her on the day he heard it, then her vows shall stand, and her obligations that she bound on her soul shall stand.”

וְאִם בְּיֹום שְׁמֹעַ אִישָׁהּ יָנִיא אֹותָהּ וְהֵפֵר אֶת־נִדְרָהּ אֲשֶׁר עָלֶיהָ וְאֵת מִבְטָא שְׂפָתֶיהָ אֲשֶׁר אָסְרָה   30:9

עַל־נַפְשָׁהּ וַיהוָה יִסְלַח־לָהּ

Numb. 30:9  “But if on the day her husband hears he would disallow her, then he would nullify her vow that is on her and the utterance of her lips that she had bound on her soul, and the Lord shall forgive her.”

וְנֵדֶר אַלְמָנָה וּגְרוּשָׁה כֹּל אֲשֶׁר־אָסְרָה עַל־נַפְשָׁהּ יָקוּם עָלֶיהָ   30:10

Numb. 30:10   “But the vow of a widow or a divorced woman, anything that she has bound on her soul shall stand against her.”

וְאִם־בֵּית אִישָׁהּ נָדָרָה אֹו־אָסְרָה אִסָּר עַל־נַפְשָׁהּ בִּשְׁבֻעָה   30:11

Numb. 30:11   “And if in the house of her husband she vowed or bound an obligation on her soul by an oath,

וְאִם־הָפֵר יָפֵר אֹתָם אִישָׁהּ בְּיֹום שָׁמְעֹו כָּל־מֹוצָא שְׂפָתֶיהָ לִנְדָרֶיהָ וּלְאִסַּר נַפְשָׁהּ לֹא יָקוּם   30:12

אִישָׁהּ הֲפֵרָם וַיהוָה יִסְלַח־לָהּ

Numb. 30:12   and her husband would have heard and kept quiet regarding her, not disallowing her, then all her vows shall stand, and every obligation that she bound on her soul shall stand.”

The phrase “in the house of her husband” in v. 30:11 adds another clue about the status of women in the era of the scribe.  A wife was not in her own house, but in the house of her husband, even if she is already a widow or divorced.  He was the sole owner of property, notwithstanding the concessions made in Numb. 27:7 and 27:8.

וְאִם־הָפֵר יָפֵר אֹתָם אִישָׁהּ בְּיֹום שָׁמְעֹו כָּל־מֹוצָא שְׂפָתֶיהָ לִנְדָרֶיהָ וּלְאִסַּר נַפְשָׁהּ לֹא יָקוּם   30:13

אִישָׁהּ הֲפֵרָם וַיהוָה יִסְלַח־לָהּ

Numb. 30:13   “But if her husband should have definitely made them null and void on the day he heard it, anything coming out of her lips, whether her vows or a bond of her soul, shall not stand.   Her husband had nullified them and the Lord shall forgive her.”

כָּל־נֵדֶר וְכָל־שְׁבֻעַת אִסָּר לְעַנֹּת נָפֶשׁ אִישָׁהּ יְקִימֶנּוּ וְאִישָׁהּ יְפֵרֶנּוּ    30:14

Numb. 30:14   “Every vow and every oath of obligation for affliction of the soul, her husband can let it stand or her husband can nullify it.”

וְאִם־הַחֲרֵשׁ יַחֲרִישׁ לָהּ אִישָׁהּ מִיֹּום אֶל־יֹום וְהֵקִים אֶת־כָּל־נְדָרֶיהָ אֹו אֶת־כָּל־אֱסָרֶיהָ אֲשֶׁר   30:15

עָלֶיהָ הֵקִים אֹתָם כִּי־הֶחֱרִשׁ לָהּ בְּיֹום שָׁמְעֹו

Numb. 30:15   “But if her husband altogether would keep quiet regarding her from day to day, then he shall let all her vows or all her bonds that are on her stand.  He has let them stand because he kept quiet regarding her on the day he heard it.”

וְאִם־הָפֵר יָפֵר אֹתָם אַחֲרֵי שָׁמְעֹו וְנָשָׂא אֶת־עֲוֹנָהּ   30:16

Numb. 30:16   “And if he should definitely make them null and void after he heard it, then he shall bear her iniquity.”

אֵלֶּה הַחֻקִּים אֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהוָה אֶת־מֹשֶׁה בֵּין אִישׁ לְאִשְׁתֹּו בֵּין־אָב לְבִתֹּו בִּנְעֻרֶיהָ בֵּית אָבִיהָ   30:17

Numb. 30:17   These are the statutes that the Lord had commanded Moses from a man to his wife, from a father to his daughter in her youth, in the house of her father.

Torah Commandments in this Chapter

384. The statutes pertaining to vows and oaths shall be obeyed.    V. 30:3 - 30:16

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